1. Purpose
To define the standardized methods and principles for creating assessments within e-training courses, ensuring they are fair, valid, reliable, and aligned with learning objectives.
2. Scope
Applies to all types of assessments, including:
- Formative Assessments: Quizzes, knowledge checks, practice exercises.
- Summative Assessments: Final exams, certification tests, end-of-module evaluations.
- Alternative Assessments: Projects, case studies, scenario-based evaluations.
3. Key Principles of Test Creation
A. Validity
- Content Validity: Ensure test items align with the course’s learning objectives.
- Construct Validity: Assess the intended skills or knowledge areas.
- Face Validity: Make tests appear relevant and appropriate to learners and stakeholders.
B. Reliability
- Consistency: Provide stable and consistent results across different test administrations.
- Inter-rater Reliability: Standardize grading rubrics to minimize subjectivity.
C. Fairness
- Avoid cultural, linguistic, or contextual biases.
- Provide equal opportunities for all learners to demonstrate their knowledge.
- Ensure accessibility for learners with disabilities, adhering to WCAG standards.
D. Alignment with Learning Objectives
- Create test items directly linked to measurable learning outcomes.
- Use Bloom’s Taxonomy to match question complexity with cognitive skill levels (e.g., remember, understand, apply, analyze, evaluate, create).
E. Variety in Assessment Types
Include multiple formats such as:
- Objective Questions: Multiple-choice, true/false, fill-in-the-blank.
- Subjective Questions: Short answer, essay, open-ended questions.
- Performance-Based: Simulations, practical tasks, role-playing scenarios.
4. Test Development Process
Step 1: Define Assessment Objectives
- Collaborate with Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) and instructional designers to define what the test aims to measure.
Develop a test blueprint outlining:
- Learning objectives covered.
- Weightage of each topic.
- Types of questions to be included.
Step 2: Design & Develop Test Items
Objective Questions:
- Ensure distractors in multiple-choice questions are plausible.
- Avoid ambiguous or misleading phrasing.
- Maintain a balanced difficulty level.
Subjective Questions:
- Provide clear instructions and criteria for evaluation.
- Use rubrics to guide consistent scoring.
Scenario-Based Questions:
- Develop realistic scenarios relevant to professional coaching contexts.
- Test critical thinking and application of knowledge.
Step 3: Review & Validation
- Conduct peer reviews with SMEs and instructional designers.
- Pilot test assessments with a sample group to identify potential issues.
- Analyze pilot results to refine questions and improve clarity.
Step 4: Test Delivery
- Implement tests within the Learning Management System (LMS).
- Ensure assessments are mobile-compatible and responsive.
- Validate technical performance, including timer settings, navigation, and submission processes.
Step 5: Scoring & Feedback
- Automate scoring where applicable (e.g., multiple-choice, true/false).
- For subjective assessments, use standardized rubrics to ensure consistency.
- Provide learners with constructive feedback:
- Immediate Feedback: For objective questions.
- Detailed Feedback: For subjective responses, outlining strengths and areas for improvement.
Step 6: Monitoring & Evaluation
Regularly analyze assessment data:
- Item Analysis: Identify high-performing and low-performing questions.
- Assessment Analytics: Review learner performance trends.
- Make iterative improvements to assessments based on analytics and feedback.
5. Best Practices in Test Design
- Use Randomization: Shuffle questions and answer choices to minimize memorization.
- Maintain Balance: Avoid over-representation of certain topics unless necessary.
- Set Clear Criteria: Establish passing scores based on learning objectives and test difficulty.
- Provide Practice Tests: Help learners become familiar with test formats and reduce test anxiety.
6. Compliance & Standards
- Adhere to applicable educational standards and certification requirements.
- Ensure compliance with data privacy regulations (e.g., GDPR) when handling test data.
- Maintain records of test results securely and in accordance with organizational policies.
7. Continuous Improvement
- Collect learner and trainer feedback on assessments.
- Update assessment methods to reflect new learning approaches and industry trends.
- Regularly train staff involved in test development to stay updated with best practices.
8. Documentation & Reporting
- Maintain documentation of test development processes, pilot results, and review notes.
- Prepare periodic reports on assessment effectiveness and learner performance.
- Share insights with the curriculum development team to enhance course content.